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1. Termios For Windows Xp
2. Python Termios For Windows
3. Termios For Windows
4. Termios For Windows 10

• The Windows API is structurally and stylistically very different from the blend of system calls and library routines provided by any flavor of Unix. Windows does terminal I/O with a very different model from any.nix system. As a result, there really is no direct equivalent to the termios.
• MinGW - Minimalist GNU for Windows. No such file or directory tools.c:23:25: sys/statvfs.h: No such file or directory tools.c:25:21: termios.h: No such file or directory ' the files vfs.h, statvfs.h and termios.h are not found in my MinGW include. Any idea where I can find these?

I have an application in linux, which is compiled successfully.I want to run the same program in windows.

The necessary declarations and constants for termios can be found in the header file termios.h. So code for serial or terminal I/O will usually start with. #include termios.h. Some additional functions and declarations can also be found in the, and header files.

But compilation produces the following errors related to header files.

1. Cannot find sys/select.h
2. Cannot find termios.h

How can I fix this?

Shog9♦Renjith GRenjith G

2 Answers

The Windows API is structurally and stylistically very different from the blend of system calls and library routines provided by any flavor of Unix.

termio.h

Windows does terminal I/O with a very different model from any *nix system. As a result, there really is no direct equivalent to the termios.h header and its friends.

You want to read at MSDN about the Windows Communications Resources.

Some things to learn more about include:

• The DCB structure
• The COMMTIMEOUTS structure
• .. and many more ..

In general, you will find that you need to deal a lot more with the Windows API directly because stdio will add to the confusion when doing device I/O.

select.h

There isn't a direct equivalent to the Unix select(2) system call.

In Windows, many kernel objects can be in either a signaled or non-signaled state, and the act of signalling the object can be used to release a thread that called WaitForMultipleObjects(). Some but not all HANDLE objects are signaled when data is available. Specifically, I know that HANDLEs from WinSock have that capability, but I don't know about the Comm API. I know that HANDLEs to an open file do not.

If you need to wait for an event in a thread that is processing window messages, then you should probably use MsgWaitForMultipleObjects() instead, since it will properly deliver messages while the thread is otherwise blocked.

Read about the Windows synchronization primitives at the MSDN article Using Synchronization.

However, there are several kinds of asynchronous I/O built into Windows that can replace the need for select() by a change of design. Both will require extensive use of features that cannot be used in combination with the C stdio library.

MSDN has several articles on I/O techniques, as well as numerous examples:

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• CreateFile() (especially the Remarks section)

Note that much of the information on how Windows works is scattered among the overview articles and the remarks sections of the reference material for the API functions and structures. This can give the impression that nothing is completely documented on a first reading.

Porting with Cygwin

Another approach is to use Cygwin to do the port. It provides most of a POSIX layer over the Windows API. However, you will end up with an application that is dependent on the Cygwin DLL which is GPL unless you purchase a commercial use license from them. It can be tricky to use Cygwin to get an application that works well for a Windows user with no Unix experience also, since so many other assumptions about the way the two systems are setup and used differ.

Cygwin has done a fair amount of heavy lifting to build an implementation of select() that works on Windows given a mix of different open file descriptors. This effort is described in the User's Guide.

Do be aware that building against Cygwin is only documented and supported if done from within the Cygwin environment. It usually is not sufficient to just put Cygwin's bin on the Windows PATH and work from a command prompt. You really need to launch Cygwin's build of bash and compile from there so that everything is using the same Cygwin-style mount points and simulated Unix file structure.

Mixing Cygwin header files with third-party tool header files is a sure path to madness.

Edit: I've rearranged a bit, and added some material in response to comments.

RBerteigRBerteig

I created 2 files using code I found in some forums to circumvent windows.h and windows com port libraries:

'nowindows.h'

and

'nowindowscomport.h'

Jan Gerlinger

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~ A termios porting for Windows ~

Current Version 1.1.4 (03/11/2018)

Introduction

termiWin is a library which purpose is to allow you to use on a Windows system, the same code used in Linux to communicate with a device through a serial port.This is possible because termios’s functions have been rewritten to be compatible with Windows’s COM functions.

Library Architecture

The termios Structure

This is the main structure of the library and it’s often passed as argument to the functions, it has the following members:

• tcflag_t c_iflag; /*input modes*/
• tcflag_t c_oflag; /*output modes*/
• tcflag_t c_cflag; /*control modes*/
• tcflag_t c_lflag; /*local modes*/
• cc_t c_cc[NCCS]; /*special character*/

where tcflag_t is defined as an unsigned integer.

The members of termios structure are used to set and retrieve the serial port configuration parameters.There five types of flags, sorted by mode; they are implemented in the same way as they are in termios, except for some, which are not used.

Input modes flags

• INPCK – Not implemented, use PARENB instead.
• IGNPAR – Not implemented, disable PARENB instead.
• PARMRK – Not implemented, use PARENB instead.
• ISTRIP – Not implemented, use CS7 instead.
• IGNBRK – Not implemented.
• IGNCR – Not implemented.
• ICRNL – Not implemented.
• INLCR – Not implemented.
• IXOFF - If this bit is set, start/stop control on input is enabled. In other words, the computer sends STOP and START characters as necessary to prevent input from coming in faster than programs are reading it. The idea is that the actual terminal hardware that is generating the input data responds to a STOP character by suspending transmission, and to a START character by resuming transmission.
• IXON - If this bit is set, start/stop control on output is enabled. In other words, if the computer receives a STOP character, it suspends output until a START character is received. In this case, the STOP and START characters are never passed to the application program. If this bit is not set, then START and STOP can be read as ordinary characters.

Local modes flags

Since there’s no way to implement them in Windows, they have asbolutely no effect using termiWin, but you can keep the same you use in Linux for compatibilty.

Control modes flags

• CSTOPB - If this bit is set, two stop bits are used. Otherwise, only one stop bit is used.
• PARENB - If this bit is set, generation and detection of a parity bit are enabled.
• PARODD - This bit is only useful if PARENB is set. If PARODD is set, odd parity is used, otherwise even parity is used.
• CSIZE - This is a mask for the number of bits per character.
• CS5 - This specifies five bits per byte.
• CS6 – This specifies six bits per byte.
• CS7 – This specifies seven bits per byte.
• CS8 – This specifies eight bits per byte.
• CLOCAL – Is used in termios for ignoring the data carrier detected, but in Windows it can't be implemented
• CREAD – In termios, if not set, no character will be received, but in Windows it can't be implemented

Output modes flags

Since there’s no way to implement them in Windows, they have asbolutely no effect using termiWin, but you can keep the same you use in Linux for compatibilty.

Special character array

• VEOF – Is the EOF character to be used during the communication.
• VEOL – Not implemented.
• VERASE – Not implemented.
• VINTR – Interrupt character.
• VKILL – Not implemented.
• VMIN – If set to 0, the port is set to not-blocking, otherwise to blocking.
• VQUIT – Not implemented.
• VSTART – Not implemented.
• VSTOP – Not implemented.
• VSUSP – Not implemented.
• VTIME – Timeout for reading operations when COM is set to not-blocking.

Serial configuration functions

Int tcgetattr(int fd, struct termios *termios_p)

Sets in the internal DCB structures the current serial port parameters, italways has to be invoked before using tcsetattr.
Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

Termios For Windows Xp

int tcsetattr(int fd, int optional_actions, struct termios *termios_p)

Reads the flags set in the termios structure and sets the properlyparameters in the DCB structure and eventually it applies the parameters to the serial port.Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

int tcsendbreak(int fd, int duration)

Sends a break character to the serial port; duration is not implemented.Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

int tcdrain(int fd)

Waits until all output written to the serial port has been transmitted.Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

Int tcflush(int fd, int queue_selector)

Discards data on serial port. queue_selector can assume the following values:

You do not want to worry about data verification. It all will do by this software automatically.

• TCIFLUSH (discards data received but still not read).
• TCOFLUSH (discards data written but still not transmitted),
• TCIOFLUSH (discards both data received but still not read and data written but still not transmitted).

Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

Int tcflow(int fd, int action)

Suspends transmission or receptions of data on serial port based on action. Action can assume the following values:

• TCOON restarts suspended output.
• TCIOFF transmits a STOP character.
• TCION transmits a START character.
• TCOOF suspends output.

Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

Void cfmakeraw(struct termios *termios_p)

Sets but doesn’t commit the following options for the serial port:

Python Termios For Windows

• Charset: 8 bits
• StopBits: one stop bit
• Parity: no parity

Use tcsetattr to commit them.

speed_t cfgetispeed(const struct termios *termios_p)

Returns the input speed, speed can assume the same values of termios (B9600, B115200, …).

speed_t cfgetospeed(const struct termios *termios_p)

returns the output speed, speed can assume the same values of termios (B9600, B115200, …).

int cfsetispeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed)

Sets, but doesn’t commits the parameter of speed for the serial port (in Windows there’s no distinction betweeninput/output /control), speed can assume the same values of termios (B9600, B115200, …).

Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

int cfsetospeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed)

Sets, but doesn’t commits the parameter of speed for the serial port (in Windows there’s no distinction between input/output/control), speed can assume the same values of termios (B9600, B115200, ..).Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

int cfsetsspeed(struct termios *termios_p, speed_t speed)

Sets, but doesn’t commits the parameter of speed for the serial port (in Windows there’s no distinction between input/output/control), speed can assume the same values of termios (B9600, B115200, ..).Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1.

Termios For Windows

Supported speed

The supported speeds are the the following (not all speeds could be implemented since some of them can't be used in a Windows environment)

• B110
• B300
• B600
• B1200
• B2400
• B4800
• B9600
• B19200
• B38400
• B57600
• B115200

Serial transmission/receiving - open/close Functions

You can use open/close/write/read/select instead of these names by default. If it causes to you conflicts with another library you can deactivate these definitions defining in your project:

Int openSerial(char* portname, int opt)

Open the serial port which name is portname with opt set for the port to be read only, write only or both read/write (O_RDONLY,O_WRONLY, O_RDWR). Returns the file descriptor (fd is actually useless in Windows with serial ports, but is set forcompatibilty). The function can be called using open instead of openSerial (for termios compatibilty).
The portname must be in the format 'COMnumber' (e.g. COM2, COM11).

Int closeSerial(int fd)

Closes the serial port.Returns 0 if succeded, otherwise -1. The function can be called using close instead of closeSerial. (for termios compatibilty).

Int writeToSerial(int fd, char* buffer, int count)

Writes to serial “count” characters contained in buffer.Returns the number of transmitted characters or -1 if transmission failed.The function can be called using write instead of writeToSerial (for termios compatibilty).

Int readFromSerial(int fd, char* buffer, int count)

Reads “count” bytes from serial port and put them into buffer.Returns the number of read bytes or -1 if read failed.The function can be called using read instead of readFromSerial (for termios compatibilty).

Int selectSerial(int nfds, fd_set *readfds, fd_set *writefds, fd_set *exceptfds, struct timeval *timeout)

It behaves as termios select.Returns the file descriptor ready for the chosen operation or -1 if failed.The function can be called using select instead of selectSerial (for termios compatibility).

HANDLE getHandle()

Returns the HANDLE from the COM structure.

Termios For Windows 10

Multiple serial communications

At the moment is not possible to have more than one serial communication at the same time, this because it would be pretty complicated to implement in this library something which allows you to do that. I've thought of some solutions, but I'll try them when I have some time off.

What is termiWin intended for

termiWin is just a simple library which executes termios functions using Windows libsock functions, because of that, any particular behaviour in the communication with the serial device, could not work properly. termiWin is intended just for simple communications.

When termiWin can be a good choice? ✅

• ✅ - When you have to do a quick project without particular requirements.
• ✅ - When you don't need performance and high reliability.
• ✅ - When the communication between you and the serial device doesn't require a particular configuration.

When termiWin Is NOT a good choice? ❌

• ❌ - When you need multiple device communications. termiWin just doesn't support this feature at the moment.
• ❌ - When you need performance - since termiWin has to convert termios to windows instructions, it won't be faster than a program with windows instructions wrote by the developer.
• ❌ - When you require particular configuration and to use particular functions (such as tcdrain, tcflush etc) - they could work, but I can't assure

Contributions

Everybody can contribute to this project, indeed any improvement will be appreciated.

Is termiWin still supported

Well, I'm not working on it anymore, but I will answer to your questions and I will submit pull requests if they can be an improvement to the library.

License

termiWin is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License aspublished by the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or (at your option) any later version.termiWin is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty ofMERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.See the GNU General Public License for more details.You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with termiWin.
If not, see http://www.gnu.org/licenses/.